Applications of Electromagnetism
...lerator to work efficiently the particles need to travel in a narrow beam. It is very simple why this is so. Without the use of magnets, particles would spread out and be all over the place. Since these are spread out, not many collisions will occur but if an electromagnet had been used to confine the particles into a narrow beam, particles would be much more concentrated in a smaller surface area allowing more collisions to occur. Electromagnets are placed along the Copper tube at regular intervals in alternative poles acting against the particles and pushing them into a beam in the centre. If particles were to try and go towards the side, they would feel a magnetic force and be pushed away because of the alternating poles. Since there is no magnetic force in the center they travel there in a tightly packed beam of particles. Another part of the accelerator where magnets are used is the area before the storage rings. Electrons and positrons travel together in the accelerator and when they reach the end after the process, a powerful dipole magnet diverts them into different directions. They are then sent into storage rings or other facilities from there. Electric fields are also used in the primary process of creating particles. Some accelerators use strong electric fields to pull more electrons out then usual from heated up substances. The electric field also accelerates the electrons towards the beginning of the accelerator structure. This is the exact way TV’s work. When an experiment asks for positrons to be used, a set of instructions must be followed to produce positrons. Positron...