Canada Columbia University
...egy generous ', its is richly colorful also is two Song other excellent poets' works cannot compare." (Sees Deng Zhuo ¡¶Xin Jiaxuan the Word To edit Year Notepaper Note¡·) Facing this kind of great author, I am very much afraid the ability firmly superficially, makes introduction with difficulty all around to its various achievement, then bound certainly will avoid "by does not have the border by to be boundless" sighing. Therefore quite will want to do time "ten thousand is different" belongs to "" the attempt, the Xin word the abundant great accomplishment paternal aunt will set at no matter, but will attempt to its therefore will form this great achievement root of the essence to discuss slightly. Creation word it on poetry, tradition of in the Chinese, is originally solid always expresses feelings by the word will primarily, therefore moving of the heavy innermost feelings. Therefore my in ¡¶Wang Guowei And its Literary criticism¡· in a book, in concern ¡¶the World Notes and comments on ci"¡·the boundary to say with the traditional poem said when relations, then once proposed: "Moves the function actually poetry the main life to be at." Therefore feeling heart of the intrinsic author's intelligence of main body, as well as thing of in the external feeling heart life phenomenon and the bitter experience, then are naturally forms in the poetry to move the life, as well as affects depth of thickness, under the Guang Xiagao its quality two important attributes. First feeling heart of on author's intelligence speaking of influence the work style importance, as early as in Liu Xie ¡¶Wenxindiaolong¡¤Character¡·, then once has said: "Jia Shengjun sends, therefore Wen Jieer the body is clear; Long minister arrogant birth, therefore the principle extravagant but dismisses overflows; ... ... An Renqing is sensitive, therefore the front sends but the rhyme class; The gentleman weighs reserved and dignified, therefore the sentiment numerous but dismisses hides "the speech, style of and the author quality of the work, 11 has made mutually verifying. Therefore Wang Guowei in it ¡¶World Notes and comments on ci¡· center, in concerns Xin Cishi, then also once proposed: "Word of the Dongpo spacious, word of the crops porch is bold." Also said that, "Does not have two human of minds but to study its word, still east executes it to try to imitate something beyond one." On style of Soviet, the Xin two of words, with Soviet, the Xin two human of qualities mind has also made the appraisal which unifies mutually. Obviously is feeling heart of author's intelligence for the foundation, is engaged in the poetry the appraisal, has the glorious tradition in the China literary criticism area south of Yellow River. This kind of appraisal foundation, certainly is good. Only I thought in this kind of appraisal standard, still needs makes an important distinction, that is personality of mind the author which style of in the work demonstrated, originally also may respectively presents two kind of different levels be accidentally the reflection and the main body. For example, namely like in Northern Song Dynasty initial period word world Yan Shu and Ouyang Xiu these two important authors, I before when elaborates this two words, once proposed that, in Yan Shuci displayed "the circle friendly contemplation", displayed "generous Italy with the Ouyang rhetoric in to be popular", was solid all the kind reveals for its personality minds one of with the reflection. Only is likes "has no alternative the flower which Yan Shu writes to fall, seems to have met before" straight must look completely Luo river city which the swallow return "and Ou Ci writes colored, the beginning spring breeze is altogether easy to leave" the various words and phrases, its cordiality word it, actually really only only is the accidental sentiment which one kind of wound spring the resentment other scene lingers, but is not Yan, in the European two human of personalities mind will Italy and the idea presenting of main body. But tradition of in the Chinese poetry, then the first-class greatest author, its work narrates writing, often also is actually is precisely in its personality mind will Italy and idea main body presenting. Namely like in the Qu Yuan work noble and pure good repairs yearns for the pursue, the ceramic dives in the work no matter what really adheres to from the suitable faith, in the Du Fu work is concerned about country and people the loyal love is tangled up, they write poetry, regardless of is any theme and the content, often all displays has this kind if to live the personality mind presenting of main body which the fate unifies, but and not only only is lingers the scene accidental sentiment. But this also is precisely the greatest writer and the common writer's discrimination is at. Covers take the common author only by its personality ability as the poem, but genuine great author then its writes is and not only for a while the ability personality accidental, they are will Italy and the idea write their poem by the oneself complete life in, moreover is lives by the oneself entire life practices their poem. This in the poet Qu Yuan, Tao Qian, Du Fu, then all is the very good illustration. But in Tang, Song jambic verse person, then we very are then difficult to find such author. This then no doubt because word in at the beginning of time, originally only is between the song bamboo mat banquet the song which female recites for the song liquor, is regarded as poetry of with the traditional has "the word will" the serious goal, differs from originally. Moreover also because since warm courtyard Jun, some has blown the sound by the string for the side colorful word author, their itself also lacks one kind of like Qu Yuan, Tao Qian, absolute sincerity of light originally the Du Fu various people is great, may quality and sentiment which in ones the personality and the work mutual knot. Therefore, if compares by the word and the poem, we can discover, in the word work, always lacks two kind of qualities, its one is the author when writing lacks one kind radically the spirit which concentrates by the entire mental effort, its two then is also lacks one kind of lofty great will Italy and the idea in the work content. About the first kind of situation, namely like we lift Yan Shu and the Ouyang Xiu two authors in front which directs, they although have the suitable scholarship and self-cultivation and the mind, but they are actually all regard it to writing word for to play the words, only by Yu Liwei it, but not once work for may express in writing the mind, displayed oneself will Italy and the idea one literature form, therefore in its word displayed, will be often but is moving of the one kind of accidental cordiality, although also might cause the reader profound association, But bends, the ceramic, Du Zhugong with the poetry in concentrates by the entire mental effort in writing, also displays some kind of will Italy and the idea presenting of main body in the work, then differs from after all. This kind of difference from is understands obviously. As for second kind of situation, after then like in the excellent poet the Southern Tang Dynasty host Li Yu, it writes manner of the word, although may regard as the entire mental effort and the sentimental concentrating of, however Li having, really is only one kind of really pure deep sincere sentiment, but and does not have will Italy and the idea may say, therefore good its word, although is sharp depth of because of the its emotion, but often may initiate in the human mind feeling certain sympathetic chord, but if bends, the ceramic, Du Zhugong by it with the poetry in compares, then it being short of of in the mind scholarship and self-cultivation aspect, Also is naturally understands obviously. As for is known as "take the poem as the word" the Soviet horizontal wooden board on the front carriage body, to ideal condition of t...