Structure of DNA and its replication…
...ur bases. These bases are called Thymine (T), Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G). The bases are the steps (rungs) of the DNA ladder. It takes two bases to form a rung; one for each side of the ladder. A sugar molecule, a base, and a phosphate molecule all group together to make up a nucleotide. There is a plentiful supply of nucleotides in the cell's nucleus. Nucleotides are the units in which, when they are linked to sugar and phosphate, they make up one side of a DNA ladder. During DNA replication, special enzymes move up and along the DNA ladder, unzipping the molecules as it moves along. New nucleotides move in-to each side of the unzipped ladder. The bases on these nucleotides are very specific about what other bases to pair up with. Cytosine will pair up with Guanine and Adenine will pair up with Thymine. The way in which the bases are arranged in the DNA is what ultimately determines the genetic code. (The genetic code is the information present in DNA, which takes the form of a molecular code language. The sequence of bases along a DNA strand represents a sequence of ‘co...