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Exam: Biology Review „« Part A: Multiple Choice (50 Marks) - Study Pedigree Chart (5 - 6 Questions) „X Know legend - Plant - Textbook Reviews „« Part B: Short Answer Questions (45 Marks) 1. a.) What is the difference between active and passive immunity? ƒæ Active Immunity ƒæ Passive Immunity „X Active immunity is obtained by the person himself/herself „X Passive immunity is obtained from an outside source 1. b.) How can the natural and artificial forms of each be obtained? ƒæ Active Immunity ƒæ Passive Immunity o Natural Active Immunity „X Natural active immunity is obtained after recovering from an illness o Artificial Active Immunity „X Artificial active immunity is obtained after getting a vaccination - A small amount of the protein coat of the virus (a weakened form) or a small amount of the treated toxin from a bacterial cell (a weakened form) are injected o Natural Passive Immunity „X Natural passive immunity is obtained from your mother before birth through the umbilical cord „X It may also be obtained through breast feeding following birth o Artificial Passive Immunity „X Artificial passive immunity is obtained by young children or elderly adults whose immune system doesn¡¦t work - An animal like a horse is infected with a weakened form of the disease to produce antibodies 1. c.) State the duration each lasts in the human body. ƒæ Active Immunity ƒæ Passive Immunity o Natural Active Immunity „X This immunity is usually permanent o Artificial Active Immunity „X This immunity may last from five to ten years after which a booster shot may have to be given. o Natural Passive Immunity „X This immunity usually lasts for approximately the first 6 months to one year of the child¡¦s age o Artificial Passive Immunity „X This immunity only last two to three months after which more antibodies need to be given. 2. Explain the process of amniocentesis. Is it ethically correct to do this? Give the reasons for your answer.
Approximate Word count = 1306
Approximate Pages = 5.2
(250 words per page double spaced)
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