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Genetic Engineering is the method of changing the characteristics of an organism in a predetermined way by altering or introducing genetic material. There is a controversy of whether to allow this technology to stay in New Zealand or not. To rightfully have an opinion on this technology, we must understand what it is, why it is done, what it involves, its benefits and risks, what sort of products are created from genetic engineering/modification, and its political issues.
Let’s have a look at the many uses of genetic engineering. The purposes of genetic engineering are as follows…
• to repair a genetic "defect" (as with the current early trials of gene therapy in humans)
• to enhance an effect already natural to that organism (e. ...
Gene therapy involves supplying a functional gene to cells lacking that function, with the intention of correcting a genetic disorder or an acquired disease. It can be broadly divided into two categories:
• The first is alteration of germ cells (sperm or eggs) which results in a permanent genetic change for the whole organism and subsequent generations. ...
Genetic Engineering involves the manipulation of Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA). The parts of the process of genetic engineering are labelled:
1 In genetic engineering, scientists use restriction enzymes (an enzyme that can be used to break DNA into segments at precise locations) to isolate a segment of DNA that contains a gene – for example, the gene regulating insulin production. ...
Vectors are also an important part of genetic engineering. ...
The process of engineering a DNA fragment into a vector to produce copies of identical molecules is called “cloning”. ... Each cycle of PCR consists of three phases…
As you can see, genetic engineering is a very wide branch, involving a variety of things. The techniques of genetic engineering include the use of hybridomas (hybrids of rapidly multiplying cancer cells and of cells that make a desired antibody) to make monoclonal antibodies; gene splicing or recombinant DNA, in which the DNA of a desired gene is inserted into the DNA of a bacterium, which then reproduces itself, yielding more of the desired gene; and polymerase chain reaction, which makes perfect copies of DNA fragments and is used in DNA fingerprinting.
Genetic Engineering, like most other technologies, has its pros and cons. ... Genetic engineering is going to become a very mainstream technology in the world sooner or later, because there are so many advantages involved. ...
• Genetic Engineering could increase genetic diversity, and produce more variant alleles (one of two or more alternative forms of a gene) which could also be crossed over and implanted into other species.
Approximate Word count = 2141
Approximate Pages = 8.6
(250 words per page double spaced)
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