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From Tierra del Fuego in the south to Hudson Bay in the north, only 10% of the Indian population of 1492 survived. The Spanish planted an outpost at Santa Fe in 1610, French at Quebec in 1608, and the English at Jamestown in 1607. After Protestant Elizabeth ascended to the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominant in England, and rivalry with Catholic Spain intensified. Ireland became an early scene of that rivalry. The Irish sought help from Spain to throw off the English queen, but Elizabeth’s troops crushed the Irish uprising. English crown placed new Protestant landlords from Scotland and England in Ireland. How did Elizabeth Energize England? Francis Drake was knighted when he brought back profits from Spanish settlement. Newfoundland was the scene of the first English attempt at colonization, but collapsed when its promoter Sir Humphrey Gilbert lost his life at sea in 1583. His brother Sir Walter Raleigh organized a group of settlers who landed in 1583 on North Carolina’s Roanoke Island. Philip II of Spain used his profits to try to invade England with his “Invincible Armada,” but failed. Spain had overreached itself and started to decline. England’s victory dampened Spain’s fighting spirit and helped ensure England’s naval dominance in the North Atlantic. England was a strong, unified national state with a popular monarch and a vibrant sense of nationalism and unity. A golden age of literature dawned in England. When England and Spain signed a treaty in 1604, the English people were poised to plunge headlong into the starting of an empire in the New World. Analyze England on the Eve of Empire England’s population went up one million people from 1550-1600. Landlords were enclosing croplands for sheep grazing forcing many small farmers together. Woolen districts of east and west England supplied many of the first immigrants because of an economic depression in woolen trade.
Approximate Word count = 1186
Approximate Pages = 4.7
(250 words per page double spaced)
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