|
|
This is only a preview of the paper
Click here to register and get the full text.
Existing members click here to login
|
|
|
Scientific Management
Frederick Taylor is the person who is most often associated with the system labelled scientific management, and indeed, he was the originator of this set of concepts. However, there were others in the field of scientific management who had as much if not greater effect on the workplace. ... In Taylors (1911) book, The Principles of Scientific Management, he discussed what he called a struggle for control of production between management and labour. To control production, he developed methods for the measure and design of machining methods as part of a general plan for increasing the planning functions of management. ... Time studies were used to allow management to take control of the operations, thereby controlling production methods, and, by default, production. This system required that management should take a more active role in the factory and, through engineers and salaried foremen, take greater control over operations. ...
Taylor developed his principles of management while a machinist and foreman at the Midvale Steel Company of Philadelphia. ...
Although Taylor designed Scientific Management to resolve problems in the workplace, the effects of Scientific Management spread from the factory to everyday life. ...
Effects of Scientific Management
The immediate result of scientific management, according to Drucker (1967b) was a drastic cut in the cost of manufactured goods (1/10 to 1/20 of the previous manufactured cost). ... Also, scientific management allowed the raising of wages (even while the cost of the product was dropping). ... As late as 1914 Robert Hoxie (cited in Hirschhorn, 1984) wrote that "no single shop was found which could be said to represent fully and faithfully the Taylor system as presented in the treatise on shop management. ... These new techniques were inspired by the work of Taylor and the principles of scientific management.
Taylor’s role in the history of industrial management is complex and still debated today. ... Few plants introduced his complete system but thousands of plants introduced elements of scientific management: time study methods; new machine tool practices; methods for managing tools, materials, machines, supervisors, and workers; and formal planning departments.
Scientific management became more widespread after World War I as professional managers moved into high management positions.
Approximate Word count = 1788
Approximate Pages = 7.2
(250 words per page double spaced)
|
|
|
|
|
|