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Upper Extremity Injury: Torn Rotator Cuff
The shoulder is a very complex piece of machinery. ... The subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles are collectively referred to as the rotator cuff. ... The rotator cuff is part of this mechanism that, when healthy, functions very well, but when injured can be a difficult and frustrating problem. The rotator cuff tendons are one of the key reasons that the shoulder is so useful. ...
Individually, the subscapularis is an internal rotator of the arm, the supraspinatus assists the deltoid in abducting the arm, and the infraspinatus and teres minor muscles both externally rotate the arm. ... Several different mechanisms of rotator cuff injury are commonly recognized. ... )
Acute traumatic rotator cuff injury, although uncommon, can result in partial and full tears from a direct contact injury to the shoulder in patients under 40 years old. In addition, partial and complete tears of the rotator cuff can occur with traumatic anterior instability of the glenohumeral joint in the over-40 population; rupture of the subscapularis should especially be considered among these patients. The rotator cuff tendons can be torn with a fall or excessive force on the outstretched arm, which causes the rotator cuff muscles to be pinched between the humerus and the scapula.
Several repetitive overuse mechanisms of rotator cuff injury have also been described, and several may occur simultaneously in the same patient. ... Tensile failure with throwing is another mechanism of injury in the rotator cup. The throwing motion loads the rotator muscles heavily. During this repetitive loading, the rotator cuff is prone to overload, fatigue, tendonitis, and even failure.
Approximate Word count = 1300
Approximate Pages = 5.2
(250 words per page double spaced)
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