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The East-West Schism, usually called the Great Schism, was the event that separated Eastern Orthodoxy and Western Catholicism in 1054. ...
Many unfortunate circumstances coincided to cause the schism in the one Holy and Apostolic Church of the Roman Empire, which was established from the beginning by the Holy Apostles, and was formed of five patriarchates: four in the east and one in the west. ... The statement: "and in the Holy Spirit, the Lord and Giver of Life, Who proceeds from the Father and the Son" became the direct cause for the schism. ... All the patriarchates in the East supported the decision of the Patriarch of Constantinople Serguis by avoiding communion with Rome under such circumstances. ...
Even though communion was lost with Rome, and hostility increased between the East and the West, negotiations and cooperation continued for political reasons. ... A great example involving Rome would be the overcoming of tensions that occurred at the time of Pope John VIII and the Patriarch of Constantinople Photius; the two succeeded in solving the problems between their churches by calling for a council that represented the East and the West (869-870), and one of the decisions made then was condemning every addition to the Creed.
The year 1054 was not the year in which communion was suspended between Rome and the East, as many might think; it actually occurred in 1009. Thus the excommunication of 1054 was not the first cause for the schism, but has indeed deepened the dogmatic disagreement, which started with the Filioque, and grew with the Wests insistence on the supreme authority of the Pope, and the addition of controversial dogmas and canons. This was accompanied by continuous accusations, amplified misunderstandings, and offensive writings from both sides
The main causes for the Great Schism include:
• The insertion of the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed by the Roman church
• The use of unleavened bread in the West vs.
Approximate Word count = 1377
Approximate Pages = 5.5
(250 words per page double spaced)
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