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Introduction To answer the question if we can see a problem in the strategy that many developmental scientists focus on one of the aspects of the human being, as either a cognitive, emotional, or social creature we will first give an example of each of the aspects. The examples will consist of the thoughts of the scientist that we think represents the aspect in the best way, to give a clear picture of how each aspect look upon development. Next a discussion between the behaviorists and the humanists follow. Where our point is to make these known to give the bases to our own thoughts and conclusion to find the answer to the question. Emotional aspect (Bowlby and Ainsworth) At the group of the developmental scientists, one can easily discern the ethnologists group. Based on their ethnological theories, they point out the importance of childhood behavior of human babies compared to other species. Ethnology is the study of animal and human behavior within an evolutionary context. Ethnologists always take as a start point Darwin’s ethnological studies of animals, like Lorenz and Tinbergen who focused their research on animal instincts and the imprinting process using these two features as a way to explain animal’s behavior. Instincts are regarded as products of evolution and have also survival value, while the imprinting process is a type of permanent learning that occurs only during a maturation ally determined early critical period. The application of these ethnological concepts to human development can be seen in the studies of Bowlby and Ainsworth. From their studies and with the help of ethnology Bowlby found out that lack of attachment in children, like it is presented in institutional reared children, results in emotional problems. In other words the product of the evolution of attachment behavior of babies that consists a process similar to the imprinting process of animals is really important. If this process is interrupted or doesn’t exist at all, these children will face serious emotional as well as social problems. It seems like the way that a child, like animal babies, is reared (environment/ parent-figure attachment-imprinting process) has effects on the degree to which it promotes attachment and further on because of the importance of this degree it will have effects on the children’s or adult’s life as well. Supposingly ethnologists are looking upon human beings as a social and emotional creature. They assume that if “something” goes wrong to their “developing” process the first impacts will be emotional, such as institutional deprivation and later on if not “cured” they will become social impacts such as inability of building long lasting relations or inability of communication- marginalization and so on. Social aspect (Erikson) One way to look upon the human being is in a social way. The human being is seen as an autonomously functioning creature, and simultaneously, as a socially dependent creature. That means, human development occurs, by definition, through contact with others. A human being needs other people to be able to se his wishes and needs. The environment is therefore important for the development of human abilities. There is a mutual influencing and mutual dependence. If you have a look on your own development, you will mention that during your life, you have always been in contact with other people. In your earlier years of life, your parents have been the most important persons for your. They raised you and took care of you most of the time. Later peergroups and friends had a big influence on your way of being, thinking and feeling. You had to go to school. Later to university and the whole time you are in contact with others.
Approximate Word count = 2391
Approximate Pages = 9.6
(250 words per page double spaced)
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