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Principle of Flotation
Galileo believed Archimedes Principle, that denser objects than water sink in water. ... Nevertheless, Galileo gave an essentially correct answer: he observed that the chip floated somewhat below the previous level of the surface, dragging the water down slightly around its edges, so one should consider the floating body to be the chip plus the thin sheet of air over it, and putting these together gives an average density equal to that of water. Galileo discussed problems of this kind with a Florentine patrician, Filippo Salviati, and a group of his acquaintances. ... (In later experiments, Galileo was to find that the difficulty of accurately measuring small intervals of time was his greatest problem. ... It is ironic then, that after Galileos death the Dutch physicist and astronomer,Christiaan Huygens was to use the principle of the pendulum, discovered by Galileo,as the means by which to regulate a clock, thus solving the problem Galileo himself could not. ... It was that theory that he used some fifty years later in the construction of an astronomical clock
The telescope
Contrary to what most people think, Galileo did not invent the telescope. ... What Galileo did was to improve on the existing telescopes, creating a twenty powered telescope and training that telescope not on land but on the stars. Through his telescope Galileo was first able to observe the four moons orbiting the planet Jupiter. ... With the new findings of Kepler and Galileo, not only was the Aristotelian view of the heavens being questioned, but all of the mechanics espoused by Aristotle were being opened to testing.
After being sentenced to house arrest, Galileo did not stop working on science. ... Galileo stated that experimentation with two stones, one weighing ten times the other, showed that they fall side by side, at least as far as can be observed. ... Galileo admitted that we might be able to tell some difference in the rate of fall of objects that differ greatly in weight, and he had an answer for why this happens. ...
Galileo proposed that it is the air that prohibits a piece of paper from falling faster; that the air has much more effect on the feather than it does on the rock. ... Here, a hammer and a feather were dropped side by side, Since there is no air on the Moon, then according to Galileo, they should land at the same time. And indeed, when the experiment was conducted, the astronaut was heard to say "What do you know, Galileo was right! ... Recall that, until the time of Galileo and Kepler, descriptions of nature relied primarily on geometry. ... Similarly, Galileo used equations in his descriptions of nature. ...
Moons of Jupiter
Simon Marius claimed to have observed Jupiters moon as early as late November 1609 (about five weeks prior to Galileo) and had begun recording his observations in January 1610 at about the same time Galileo was first making his observations. However, since Marius did not publish his observations right away as Galileo had done, his claims were impossible to verify. ... "
Galileo originally called the Jupiters moons the "Medicean planets", after the Medici family and referred to the individual moons numerically as I, II, III and IV. ...
Projectiles
Galileo showed that all projectiles follow a parabolic path. ...
The thermometer
Searching for a way to accurately measure temperature, Galileo discovered that he could place a number of precisely weighted balls of slightly varying densities in a cylinder filled with a special liquid. ... By this method Galileo was finally able to determine the correct temperature. ... In a Galileo thermometer the lowest of the floating balls in the upper part of the cylinder indicates the right temperature.
Law of Inertia
This all ties in with the findings of Galileo based on Newtons law of inertia.
Approximate Word count = 3114
Approximate Pages = 12.5
(250 words per page double spaced)
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