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... I am walking (imperfective, non complete); I have walked (perfective, complete)
- aspect is expressed by using auxiliary verbs like be or have
- tense/aspect system of JC is fundamentally unlike that of English
- there are 2 preverbial particles: en and a
- they are no verbs; they are simply invariant particles which cannot stand alone like the English ‘to be’
- their functions differs also from the English
en is called a ‘tense indicator’
a is called the ‘aspect marker’
- there are no morphological marked past tense forms corresponding to English
Mi ron I run (habitually); I ran
Mi a ron I am running
Mi ena (en+a) ron I was running
Mi en ron I have run; I had run
3) Plural Marking
- plural in English is marked on most nouns, except of personal names and nouns refering to uncountable masses
- JC doesnt mark the plural of nouns, except of animate nouns; those are followed by the affix -dem
di wuman-dem the women
di tiicha-dem the teachers
4) Use of the copula
· the JC particle a is required e.
Approximate Word count = 497
Approximate Pages = 2
(250 words per page double spaced)
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