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Lupus Nephritis: History, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Lupus nephritis is an inflammation of the kidney caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a disease of the immune system. ... Renal or kidney involvement and damage is one of the most serious and common complications of lupus. Kidney problems usually develop gradually, with the onset ranging from months to years from the initial lupus diagnosis. Lupus nephritis involves inflammation and tissue breakdown in the kidneys. ... In the most severe cases, lupus nephritis can result in end-stage kidney disease or kidney failure.
Lupus is an autoimmune disease in which the bodys immune system begins to attack itself instead of fighting off infection. In lupus, several antibodies mix with enemy substances and form an abundance of immune complexes. ... When the inflammation and tissue breakdown occurs in the kidneys, it is known as lupus nephritis. Almost fifty percent of lupus patients will experience kidney involvement. ... Numerous physicians noticed the symptoms of lupus hundreds of such as years ago, before the disease even had a name. Dermatologists were among the first physicians involved with the diagnosis of the illness. ... In 1851, Cazenave named this mysterious disease - lupus, meaning wolf in Latin. Later, the name was expanded to lupus erythematosus to take into account the redness of the facial rashes. This term allowed lupus to be distinguishable from other skin diseases. In 1872, Kaposi, another dermatologist, recognized that lupus could affect other parts of the body besides the skin. ... William Osler indicated that other systems in the body were affected by lupus, not just the skin. He used the term systemic lupus erythematosus to differentiate it from discoid lupus, the type which mainly affects the skin.
There is a myriad of potential renal manifestations related to lupus nephritis. Individuals with SLE may have no symptoms of kidney disease. However, lupus nephritis may cause weight gain, high blood pressure, dark urine, or swelling around the eyes, legs, ankles, abdomen or fingers.
Approximate Word count = 1587
Approximate Pages = 6.3
(250 words per page double spaced)
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