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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was first signed in 1947. The agreement was designed to provide an international forum that encouraged free trade between member states by regulating and reducing tariffs on traded goods and by providing a common mechanism for resolving trade disputes. ...
Consideration of GATTs relationship to environmental policy is an emerging concern in trade and environmental policy circles. ... The following sections of GATT are often referenced in the examination of trade-environment issues. The excerpts are from GATT as amended through 1966, originally digitized by the Multilaterals Project of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University:
Article I General Most-Favored-Nation Treatment;
Article III National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation;
Article XI General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions;
Article XIII Non-discriminatory Administration of Quantitative Restrictions;
Article XVI Subsidies;
Article XX General Exceptions;
The GATT Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round contains several other relevant items:
The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights;
An Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures that permits some environmental subsidies in section 8.2;
And the Agreement Establishing the Multilateral Trade Organization.
The recent cases, the 1992 report, and growing international consideration of the relationship between trade and environmental policy have focused attention on GATTs influence on international environmental agreements. In some ways, GATT is seen as potentially limiting or barring trade provisions in environmental agreements. Environmental, legal, and other experts have also called for reform of GATT to accommodate international concern for environmental issues
THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE
(GATT 1947, as amended through 1966)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
I. General Most-Favored-Nation Treatment
II. ... Publication and Administration of Trade Regulations
XI. General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions
XII. ... General Exceptions
XXI. ... Territorial Application--Frontier Traffic--Customs Unions and Free-trade Areas
XXV. ... The Relation of this Agreement to the Havana Charter
XXX. ... Non-application of the Agreement between particular Contracting Parties
PART IV: Trade and Development
XXXVI.
Approximate Word count = 1635
Approximate Pages = 6.5
(250 words per page double spaced)
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