James Madison
... 1809 was the year he was elected into presidency, Madison was the 4th United States president and he spent 66years in office, but he ended his presidency in 1817. He died June 1836, the last survivor of the founders of the American Republic. (II.) Madison one of the founding fathers decided that the nation should move toward war with Britain unless the arrogant and injurious assaults on American ships and seamen were ended. Through Congress Madison asked and received a declaration of war in June 1812. The war lasted for over two years, and it ended a lot like it started, in a stalemate. Madison hoped for a swift victory, but it didn’t happen because of surrender and defeat. Conditions did improve they had a few victories at sea. This war confirmed American Independence. The United States have been to war with Great Britain twice and twice the U.S. hasn’t lost. The war also improved economy it stimulated manufacturing. (III.) Madison played a big part in the economic growth, when he approved a Tariff that protected American Industries. A Tariff is a tax on imported and more rarely exported goods. It's also called custom duties. The purpose of a Tariff is not financial but economic. It’s not to increase a Nation’s revenue but to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. They signed a treaty to lower duties on trade between their countries. Advocates oppose the protective Tariffs. (IV.) Up to date transportation became necessity to the expansion of agriculture and industries. The United S...