Health and Body
...specific and increases in strength and endurance is limited to the joint ankle trained. Isokentic training requires special machines that control the speed of movement such that the muscle develops maximal or near to maximal contraction at each point in the movement. 5) Repetition: the number of times a specific exercise is performed. Set: a group of repetitions for a particular exercise. Rest Interval: the amount of time taken for recovery between sets. Chapter 5 Study Questions 1) Flexibility: the ability of a joint to move through its full range of motion. Static Flexibility: refers to the range of motion achieved through a slow, steady stretch held for several seconds in which joint components are gradually lengthened. Dynamic Flexibility: refers to range of motion achieved when the body is moving. Agonist: the muscle being stretched. Antagonist: the opposing muscle not being stretched. Elasticity: the ability to recoil after being stretched. Plastic: inability to recoil after being stretched. 2) Flexibility is influenced by the structure of the joint, muscle elasticity, muscle tempeture, injury, aging gender and sedentary lifestyle. Muscle is highly elastic that can be lengthened with regular stretching. If you warm up it increases muscle tempeture. Warm muscles stretch easier. Age decreases flexibility. Physical inactivity and movement decrease flexibility. A well designed stretching program reduces loss of flexibility. 3) The three stretching techniques are Ballistic stretching, Static stretching, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching. Ballistic stretching involves repetitive sudden bouncing movements to stretch muscles. This is not recommended to increase flexibility. Static stretching involves the slow, gradual lengthening , holding and releasing of a muscle. This is highly effective for flexibility. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching involves alternating contraction and relaxation of agonist and antagonist . The combined actions of the agonist and antagonist muscles result in increased range of motion when stretching. 4) Good flexibility is important for effective and efficient participation in daily and recreational activities. It can prevent injuries by maintaining adequate range of motion in a joint. Other benefits include improved posture, reduced muscular soreness, and enhanced muscle relaxation. Poor flexibility results in tight muscles, which interferes with ability to move. 5) Lower back pain can come from poor posture, excessive body weight, or poor physical fitness. Ways to prevent lower back pain include maintaining body weight, working out lower back, with strength and flexibility. Proper posture standing and sitting can prevent back problems. 7) Synarthrodial joints are movable joints, and the bones in these joints are separated by cartilage. The bones in the skull are synarthrodial joints that protect the brain. Diarthrodial joints are freely movable and have a more complex structure. They are primarily located in the knees hips shoulders and fingers. Most joints in the skeletal system are diarthrodial. Amphiarthrodial are slightly movable , allowing limited range of movement. These joints are found in the pubic bone, chest and vertebrae. These joints are linked together by fibro cartilaginous tissue or ligaments. Chapter 6 Study Questions 1) The guidelines for preventing fitness-related injuries are to get med...