Basics of Civilization
... did not develop many things, but had ideas for the future humans. The Neolithic Age (8,000-5,500) is the time in which humankind changed in a way that it had never happened the same way before. The two most important events caused this change, first was the cultivation of plants, followed by the domestication of wild animals that both were acquired wild before. The Neolithic period is to be considered as the beginning of real civilization. Because this period saw the biggest changes in evolution such as, religion, art, architecture, farming, advanced tools, village life, and weapons. These are all also considered major advances in technology. Apparently, the people of this town knew the farming techniques and grew wheat, because many farming tools have been found at site to prove this fact. Besides farming, the domesticated various animals such as sheep and goats were available. It is believed that the dog was the first domestic animal of this period. Also, religion came to be an important event in their lives. Agriculture was also very crucial in the humankind survival. Without such, the man would not have been able to survive, or make other improvements in their lives. With agriculture, there was more time for leisure and developments in technology. This is with all due thanks to crops, animals, and the Cthonic Mystery. Planting and harvesting crops was a key role of Agriculture. Glaciers began to retreat, causing the temperatures to heighten and the herbivores to disappear from human habitation. At the same time, population began to increase radically. The need to expand food became crucial. The first crops raised were wheat, barley, oats, and rye. It was easier for man to raise crops instead of needing more time and help of others to catch a large animal in order to consume. The people had no reason to be nomadic, since they could stay where they planted their crops. . The need for the domestication of animals became important due to the fact that humans needed a good source of meat that was easier and more efficient. Domesticated animals were important for other causes as well. Asian farmers grazed herds of sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle. Domestication of sheep provided supplies of wool and thus encouraged the invention of weaving. Bison were very important, because now people had easier ways to pull plows for harvesting, instead of hard labor. In regard to the Cthonic Mystery, some historians believe that women were the reason for the beginning of agriculture. The reasoning is simple, men were out hunting and killing animals, while the women were harvesting and planting the crops. Women’s jobs were for bearing and raising the children, and their expanded agricultural duties. Being so, the women were more likely the first people to start planting food. Because of this, Women may have held a higher status then men for a short period of time. Once the animal-drawn plow was introduced, men were symbolized by the plow itself and the woman by the hoe to symbolize planting crops. Because of the Urban Revolution, people were able to become communities by making jobs for people. The specific jobs were ways to help the “community” have an easier access to food. During this revolution, written documents first appeared which signaled the beginning of History. Normally, people had to hunt everyday just to be able to eat. This was very time and energy consuming. With growing crops to eat, man had more time for other things. Time that was once full with hours of killing large animals was now occupied with waiting for crops to grow. The people now had more time to socialize, make and advance tools, and to increase artwork. In these newly developed communities, everyone had their own jobs to help contribute. Once men became farmers, the tasks were split among people. Some men harvested, planted, and prepared the food to eat, and now, to store for later times. Even though, the gradual division of labor along several lines contributed to a divergence of occupational roles which lasted into modern times. This was the first introduction of specialization of labor. Writing was a very important element in civilization. The people now have an easier way to communicate with one another. This made life ...