Mesopotamia and Egypt
...at and plan so therefore people were afraid to be attacked from outsiders. That’s why the Mesopotamians build wall around their cities. “Within the walls of the city, men and women developed new technologies and new social and political structures. They created cultural traditions such as writing and literature.” As for Egypt didn’t have to build walled cities because they had a great protection from the Sahara desert (Pg.14). As the cities of Mesopotamia begin to develop, a class of status came with it. The first places were the rulers and kings who were powerful and feared, after the ruler, were the Priest, who were responsible for temple service and rulers (Pg.10). The next levels were the landowning free persons and after them were the soldiers, merchants and workers and artisans who served the temple or palace (Pg.10). Rests of the remaining people were the peasants and slaves (Pg.10). Women were allowed to own property and even appear as head of household, but they were not allowed to participate in government (Pg.10). As Mesopotamia had kings so did Egypt. The Egyptian kings were the divine administrators (Pg.15). “A vast bureaucracy of literate court officials and provincial administrators assisted the god king. They wielded wide authority as religious leaders, judicial officers, and, when necessary, military leaders. A host of subordinate overseers, scribes, metalworkers, stonemasons, artisans, and tax collectors rounded out the royal administration.” Women in Egypt were more independent and ere more involved in public life, also they owned property, conducted their own business, entered legal contracts, and brought lawsuits (Pg.15). The values of Law and religion also affected the way Mesopotamia and Egypt were civilized. Religion not only influenced how they viewed life but also how they viewed their afterlife as well. One of the beliefs of the people of Mesopotamia was that man was forged from deep within the earth and escaped through a fissure that the gods made on the surface (pg. 11). “The gods had the physical appearance and personalities of humans as well as human virtues and vices.” They also believed that the sole purpose of man was to serve the god (Pg.11). These early people expected the gods to be brutal mean spirited and erratic, dealing with their own issued regardless of what effects it may have on humanity (pg. 11). The Mesopotamian also believed in many different gods and had a god for almost every aspect of life. Mesopotamian used the code of Hammurabi as their law: “ To cause justice to prevail in the country To destroy the wicked and the evil, That the strong may not oppress the weak.” . Each group in Mesopotamia h...