on metaphors
...POSITION J. Long (185, '89), Alan Schwartz Emotional_Stability_Is_Maintaining_Position: - 1 He's on the edge - 2 She came back from the brink - 3 He went over the edge - 4 I'm hanging on by my fingertips - 5 I'm on shaky ground Source Domain location motion Target Domain emotion stability Note: STABILITY IS BALANCE and EMOTIONAL STABILITY IS CONTACT WITHTHE GROUND J. Long (185, '89), Alan Schwartz Emotions_Are_Entities_Within_A_Person: Source Domain entities, substances Target Domain emotions - 1 I was filled with rage. - 2 She was overflowing with joy. - 3 She could hardly contain her anger. Emotions Are Liquids Within A Person - 1 He poured out his hate on us. - 2 She drank in his love. - 3 I'm drowning in sorrow - 4 He's stirred up - 4 She's bubbling with excitement Note: to escape (see INTENSE EMOTIONS ARE HEAT) - 1 His eyes were full of love. - 2 His eyes were overflowing with emotion. - 3 I could see the hatred in his eyes. Emotions_Are_Forces: Source Domain forces, causes, motion Target Domain emotions Emotions Are Physical Forces - 1 I was moved by the poem - 2 I was pushed into depression - 3 She was carried away by the song - 4 He was struck by anger Note: Emotions Are Electromagnetic Forces - 1 She felt charged up with anxiety - 2 I discharged my anger on him - 3 I can feel the good vibrations - 4 He's got a lot of negative energy Stuart Smith (185, '87) Emotions_Are_Locations: Source Domain location Target Domain Emotion Strong Emotions Are Madness Source Domain insanity Target Domain strong emotion - 1 I'm crazy with hate - 2 He's out of his mind with grief - 3 The excitement is driving me over the edge - 4 She's foaming with rage - 5 I'm mad with jealousy Love Is Madness - 1 I'm crazy about him. - 2 This perfume drives men out of their minds. - 3 He raves about her. - 4 I'm just wild about Harry. - 5 She's gone mad over him. - 6 She is madly in love. Lust Is Madness - 7 sex-crazed, sex-maniac Go to the Metaphor Home page Intense Emotions Are Heat Source Domain heat Target Domain emotion INTENSITY IS TEMPERATURE - 1 The crowd was all fired up - 1 He had a burning emotion Note: Note: Note: Kovesces, WF&DT Fear Is Cold - 1 He had cold feet - 2 Her blood ran cold - 3 A cold stab of fear went through me Source Domain cold temparature Target Domain fear Fear is a plant: seeds of fear (http://ebooks.palmone.com/product/detail/4946) This stupendously exciting moment in a soul’s development may carry seeds of fear. But dear Children of God, the seeds of fear do not have to be sown or given nourishment or encouraged to grow. Pluck the fearful seeds out of your garden as you would weeds – so that only the wholesome, the beautiful can grow. http://members.ozemail.com.au/~bazaann/comments.htm seeds of unhappiness Police must cultivate fear every day When you are in that situation every day, you water the seeds of fear, hatred, and violence in yourself http://www.sinc.sunysb.edu/Clubs/buddhism/dailylife/transform.html Dorothy Thompson: Fear grows in darkness; if you think there's a bogeyman around, turn on the light. www.wisdomquotes.com/cat_fear.html - 48k - 24 Oct 2004 When the sun rises in the sky, it projects its light on the vegetation. That is all the sun needs to do to help. The green color that is seen in the vegetation is the work of the sun. The sun does the work of transformation. Imagine a flower in the early morning--a tulip or a lotus. The sun shines on the flower. It is not satisfied with going around the flower. It makes every effort to penetrate it. The sunshine penetrates the flower, either in the form of particles or in the form of waves. The flower may still resist and stay closed for a while. But if the sun persists in shining for two or three hours, a transformation will occur. The flower will have to open itself to show its heart to the sun. Our anger is a kind of flower http://www.sinc.sunysb.edu/Clubs/buddhism/dailylife/transform.html Félelem metafórák: megdermedt a félelemtől fear make her freeze megbénult a félelemtől fear paralyzed him elnémult a félelemtől fear dumbed him a félelemtől szóhoz sem jutott égnek állt a haja feszült félelem gyötri összeszorul a gyomra balsejtelem kiverte a víz kétségbe esett lidércnyomás szorongás bizonytalanság feszültség rátelepedett a félelem elfog a rémület fear seized me az idegeim vitustáncot jártak lesújt a félelem (engem) nem rám! lezsibbasztott a félelem Metahors of fear the feeling made me uncomfortable kényelmetlenül éreztem magam my blood chilled megfagyott a vérem their flesh crept megborzongott their blood curdled megfagyott a vérük tremors came over me remegés futott át rajtam fear drives you into fits görcsbe rándul a félelemtől my nerves were shaken az idegeim ? I was struck “leütött” fear haunted me kísértett a félelem (átjárt) dread possessed me elfogott a rémület, birtokba vette a rémület (a lelkét) heavy heart nehéz lett a szívem to be seized by fear (birtokba vesz, elfoglal) elfogott (-lalt) a rémület fear diverted my thoughts a félelem “elterelte” a gondolataimat fears surprised me meglepett a félelem shocked me megrázott a félelem my mouth was parched a szám összefonnyadt (kiszáradt) my tongue refused to obey. a nyelvem nem engedelmeskedett memory, stimulated by fear félelem által serkentett gondolatok sickened the soul with deathly fear felfordult a gyomrom a félelemtől the blood boiled in my ears forrt a vérem... My brain reeled tántorgott, szédült terror reduced me to a state of stupor. ....megbénított, elkábított deadly sickness came over me ....hányinger, betegség... awe struck a félelem “leütött” smell fear fear is cold fear is an external force fear is an internal force fear is hot fear is an entity my blood chilled, their flesh crept, their blood curdled, tremors came over me, my nerves were shakenReszket, mint a kocsonya. I was struck, shocked me, fear diverted my thoughts, memory, stimulated by fear shocked me, fear diverted my thoughts, my tongue refused to obey, memory, stimulated by fear “the heat of the battle” http://www.howtoadvice.com/EmotionalBreaks lámpaláz, ...ez meleg helyzet volt fear drives you into fits, fear haunted me, Fear breeds fear. Wicked men obey for fear, but the good for love. Fear has big eyes. Source: (Russian) fear is illness fear is a possessor fear is a heavy load fear is an event fear is hot??? fear drives you into fits, sickened the soul with deadly fear, dread possessed me, to be seized by fear = fear is an entity, my heart was heavy, fears surprised me, my mouth was parched (aszalt, fonnyadt), the blood boiled in my ears, emotions are 3D locations fear of god??? ??? Fear is the prison of the heart. Ultimately we know deeply that the other side of fear is freedom Fear God, yes, but don't be afraid of Him Are there positive markers, attributes to fear. fear factor (http://ldt.stanford.edu/~tacyt/digitalvoices/prototype/metaphor/fear.html) How does fear smell to you? Karen, 8 Fear is an angry man's bad breath. Warren, 12 Fear is the smell of burning brakes on a mountain road. Jerry, 9 Fear is the smell of blood and barf in the emergency room. JoJo, 10 Fear is the smell of a stinky dog getting closer and closer and CLOSER! Metaphors are not user-friendly. They are hard to find and hard to use well. Unfortunately, metaphor is a mainstay of good lyric writing, indeed, of most creative writing . From total snores like "break my heart" and "feel the emptiness inside" to awakening shocks like "the arc of a love affair" (Paul Simon), "feather canyons" (Joni Mitchell), "soul with no leak at the seam" (Peter Gabriel), and "Brut and charisma poured from the shadows" (Steely Dan), metaphors support lyrics like bone. The trick is to know how to build them. In its most basic form, metaphor is a collision between ideas that don't belong together. It jams them together and leaves us to struggle with the consequences, for example: an army is a rabid wolf. We watch the soldiers begin to snarl, grow snouts and foamy teeth. The army disappears and we are left to face something red-eyed and dangerous. Of course, an army isn't a wolf. All metaphors must be literally false. If the things we identify are the same, e.g., a house is a dwelling place, there is no metaphor, only definition. Conflict is essential for metaphor. Put things that don't belong together in the same room, and watch the friction: dog with wind; torture with car; cloud with river Interesting overtones. Let's look closer. There are three types of metaphor: Expressed Identity -- asserts an identity between two nouns, e.g.., fear is a shadow; a cloud is a sailing ship. Expressed Identity comes in three forms: "x is y" (fear is a shadow) "the y of x " (the shadow of fear) "x's y" (fear's shadow) (http://members.aol.com/ptpattison/lyricpages/c2.html) Whether fear makes one tremble? Objection 1. It would seem that trembling is not an effect of fear. Because trembling is occasioned by cold; thus we observe that a cold person trembles. Now fear does not seem to make one cold, but rather to cause a parching heat: a sign whereof is that those who fear are thirsty, especially if their fear be very great, as in the case of those who are being led to execution. Therefore fear does not cause trembling. Objection 2. Further, faecal evacuation is occasioned by heat; hence laxative medicines are generally warm. But these evacuations are often caused by fear. Therefore fear apparently causes heat; and consequently does not cause trembling. Objection 3. Further, in fear, the heat is withdrawn from the outer to the inner parts of the body. If, therefore, man trembles in his outward parts, through the heat being withdrawn thus; it seems that fear should cause this trembling in all the external members. But such is not the case. Therefore trembling of the body is not caused by fear. On the contrary, Cicero says (De Quaest. Tusc. iv, 8) that "fear is followed by trembling, pallor and chattering of the teeth." I answer that, As stated above (1), in fear there takes place a certain contraction from the outward to the inner parts of the body, the result being that the outer parts become cold; and for this reason trembling is occasioned in these parts, being caused by a lack of power in controlling the members: which lack of power is due to the want of heat, which is the instrument whereby the soul moves those members, as stated in De Anima ii, 4. Reply to Objection 1. When the heat withdraws from the outer to the inner parts, the inward heat increases, especially in the inferior or nutritive parts. Consequently the humid element being spent, thirst ensues; sometimes indeed the result is a loosening of the bowels, and urinary or even seminal evacuation. Or else such like evacuations are due to contraction of the abdomen and testicles, as the Philosopher says (De Problem. xxii, 11). This suffices for the Reply to the Second Objection. Reply to...