Biology
...magnum to external occipital protuberance 10.Superior Nuchal Line- external surface, extends laterally from external occipital protuberance 11.Occipital Squama Temporal Bone- inferior sides & part of floor of cranium 1.Zygomatic Process- articulates with zygomatic bone to form cheek (zygomatic arch) 2.Styloid Process- point of attachment for muscles & ligaments that attach tongue & hyoid bone 3.Mastoid Process- posterior to external acoustic meatus, contains airspaces 4.Squama- thin plate-like portion below parietal bone, protects brain 5.Petruos Portion- triangular area @ base of skull, contains inner ear, carotid & jugular foramen 6.External Auditory Meatus- canal that leads to middle ear 7.Mandibular Fossa- articulates with condyle of mandible to form temporomandibular joint 8.Carotid Foramen-passageway for internal carotid artery 9.Jugular Foramen-allows passage of jugular vein & cranial nerves Sphenoid Bone-IRREGULAR BONE, located in middle of base of skull 1.Body- central part of bone 2.Sella Turcica- saddle shaped, pituitary gland 3.Lesser Wings- form part of the posterior walls of orbital cavities. Contain optic foramen (passage of optic nerves) 4.Greater Wings- form part of orbital cavity 5.Petrygoid Process- forms lateral walls of nasal cavities 6.Foramen Rotundum- Opening in greater wings, passage of maxillary division of 5th cranial nerve 7.Foramen Ovale- passage of mandibular division of 5th cranial nerves 8.Foramen Lacerum- passage of blood vessels 9.Foramen Spinosum- passage for middle meningeal blood vessels 10.Superior Orbital Fissure- between greater & lesser wings Ethmoid Bone- anterior part of floor of cranium anterior to lesser wing, surrounded by frontal bone 1.Crista Galli- triangular process, membranes that surround brains attach to it 2.Cribiform Plate- olfactory nerve branches through, forms roof of nasal cavity 3.Perpendicular Plate- septum anchors here 4.Lateral Masses- contain the sinuses 5.Superior & Middle Nasal conchae- remove particles from air into nose in lateral masses Cranial Fossa Anterior Cranial Fossa- houses frontal lobe of brain Made up of: 1. Ethmoid bone 2. Frontal bone 3. Lesser wings of sphenoid Middle Cranial Fossa- houses temporal lobes Made up of: 1. Body & Greater Wings of Sphenoid 2. Temporal Bone 3. Parietal Bone Posterior Cranial Fossa- houses cerebellum, pons & medulla Made up of: 1. Occipital bone 2. Temporal bone Bones of the Face Mandible- lower jaw, one bone (doesn’t articulate with maxilla) Alveolar Process- houses teeth Body- horizontal projection Rami- 2 perpendicular vertical projections Condylar Process-posterior process- articulates with mandibular fossa of temporal bone Coronoid Process- anterior process for muscle attachment Angle- where ramus meets body Mandibular Notch- between condyloid and coronoid process Mandibular Foramen- medial surface of rami Mental Foramen- external surface Maxilla- Upper Jaw, articulates with every bone in face except mandible (paired) Forms part of orbit, roof of mouth & floors & walls of nasal cavities Aveolar Process-...