Central Mozambique
...st humanity. Police are continually abusing their rights by committing heinous crimes, unwarranted beatings, killings, and unlawful arrests. The infiltration of the government into Mozambique’s newspaper system is another are of concern. Various pressures are placed on journalists and media outlets that demonstrate against policies adopted by the state. Intimidating and coercion is common throughout the media. In Sudan, the ongoing civil war has led to many violations in human rights. Abuses are committed by the Sudan People’s Liberation Army and by the government. Over the past eighteen months, 350,000 Africans have been killed by Arab militias or the “janjaweit”. Many have been forced to flee from their homes to avoid being killed or slaughtered by such groups. Little pressure from international organizations has been put on the Sudanese government to stop this campaign of blood. A violation of basic human rights by the Sudanese government has led many to just observe the atrocities being conducted in Sudan. In Tanzania, 470,000 refugees and more than 1.9 million people reside in communities with little or no help from supportive organizations. With an influx of refugees into these underdeveloped countries, the United Nations and various NGO’s have recently been assisting Tanzania in four key areas. The first attempt is to alleviate human suffering and hunger. Secondly, to protect basic human, to provide basic services, and to create a sustainable program to develop Tanzania’s infrastructure. In my country of Mozambique, basic human rights of civilians are at or below the standards set by the three countries discussed. Mozambique historically has been afflicted by violence against women, harmful traditional practices, the abuse of women to protect themselves against STD’s, inheritance rights, and the abuse of the government and police force to infiltrate civilian’s personal rights as human beings. Mozambique has adapted a majority of the UN human rights conventions, all except the ones pertaining to economical, social and cultural rights. A lot of the problems that exist in Mozambique are the result of old, tired traditions. Old laws and dated justice systems are in large areas of poverty which are preventing peaceful interactions between civilians. The exploitation of children and child abuse remain largely overlooked by the government of Mozambique. Many organizations have stepped up and began to assist to end child exploitation in Mozambique. With help from the Government of Mozambique, the Community Development Foundation (FDC) and the U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) began a legal review of children's rights in 2001. They estimated that 55 % of death in children is the direct result of malnutrition or related illnesses. Final Exam (Question # 3) Kwame Nkrumah or “OSAGYEFO” became the first prime minister and later the president of Ghana. Nkrumah was a firm believer in the liberation of Africa from its careless colonizers. He called for “Pan-Africanism”; this was to unite all Africans in their attempt to become a stable country not reliant on foreign investment. Nkrumah created the Organization of African Unity in 1963, and in 1964 he formed a one-party state, with himself as president. Nkrumah envisioned a "United States of Africa", and in 1957 said, “We are going to see that we create our own African personality and identity. We again rededicate ourselves in the struggle to emancipate other countries in Africa; for our independence is meaningless unless it is linked up with the total liberation of the African continent.” Kwame Nkrumah imposed socialist-based economic reforms on the people of Ghana with high-levels of taxation, and in 1965 he declared himself President for life. Nkrumah passed legislation that eliminated the roles and power of traditional chiefs that had been running the country since the British invasion. Nkrumah wanted a mixture of socialism and traditional African values. Julius Nyerere or “MWALIMU” also believed in a connection between socialism and African traditions. This is evident in the ujamaa villages. Nyerere called for villiages to be based on...