Ismail & Egypt Independence Policy
...ual tributes from 400,000 Ottoman pounds to 750,000 Ottoman pounds. • To pay them, he borrowed 3 million pounds. This was beginning of great debts done & caused by Egypt. Another Ordinance was allowed (1841) to:- 1) Increase Egyptian army soldiers from 18,000 to 30,000 soldiers. 2) Confirm Egypt’s right to make money & grant civil ranks. Other Ordinance (1867) was granted to Ismail that:- 1) Gave him title of Khedive instead of Waly. 2) By this title, he gained some independence in: a) managing the country in domestic & financial affairs. b) holding meetings concerning mail, customs, goods, & passengers entry into the county. Comprehensive Ordinance (El Faraman El Shamel) (1873) was issued. It gave Egypt its entire rights to independence by:- 1) Excluding the annual tribute payment. 2) Holding political treaties. 3) Right to diplomatic representation. 4) Warlike armors industry weren’t allowed. • Ismail started a series of development & expanding projects that reminded Europeans of Moh.Ali. • He expanded Egypt’s influence to the South & Southeast of Red Sea Coast. • In 1815, he continued Moh’s expansions through Southeas...