The Answers..
...st appropriate response to a situation. • Communication – The manager’s abilities both to convey ideas and information effectively to others and to receive ideas and information effectively from others. • Decision-Making – The manager’s ability to recognize and define problems and opportunities correctly and then to select an appropriate course of action to solve the problems and capitalize on opportunities. • Time-Management – The manager’s ability to prioritize work, to work efficiently, and to delegate appropriately. • The Science of Management – Assumes that problems can be approached using rational, logical, objective, and systematic ways. – Requires technical, diagnostic, and decision-making skills and techniques to solve problems. • The Art of Management – Decisions are made and problems solved using a blend of intuition, experience, instinct, and personal insights. – Requires conceptual, communication, interpersonal, and time-management skills to accomplish the tasks associated with managerial activities. • Why Theory? – A theory is a conceptual framework for organizing knowledge and providing a blueprint for action. – Management theories, used to build organizations, are grounded in reality. Most managers develop their own theories about how they should run their organizations. • Why History? – An awareness and understanding of important historical developments in management are also important to contemporary managers in furthering the development of management practices and in avoiding the mistakes of others in the past. • Scientific Management – Concerned with improving the performance of individual workers (i.e., efficiency). – Grew out of the industrial revolution’s labor shortage at the beginning of the twentieth century. • Administrative Management – CHPATER 1 3 – A theory that focuses on managing the total organization. • Behavioral Management – Emphasized individual attitudes and behaviors, and group processes, and recognized the importance of behavioral processes in the workplace...